Shock absorber



c. H. LAND SHOCK ABSORBER Deb. 1, 1931.

Filed Sept. 25, 1929 2 Sheets-Shaw- INVENTOR ATTORNEY C. H. LAND SHOCKABSORBER Dec. 1, 1931.

Filed Sept. 25, 1929 2'SheetsShee1- 2 1 ,6 A 0 owvlwl. n. 2 m x a 1. m l

.LLEJ.

ATTORN EY Patented Dec. 1, 1931 cmnnnsnr LAND, or'enossn romrn, vne -iIeArr j My invention EOGK'ABSOREERM-W -12 Application jfiled September25, 1929v "Seria1!No';394,9 5 8.r

relates to v an improvement in shock absorbers shown in the accompany,-ing drawings and more particularly described in the followingspecification.

The object of the: present invention; to

provide a non-precision shock absorber made 7 from stampings therebyeliminating costly and accurate' machining and also embodyingsubstantial novelty in the combination ofits parts. The principal 'tionis to provide ,a relativelythin non-,disa tortable casing trollingdevices obj of the present invenuprovided with fluid conso arranged thatthe vehicle springs function normally under; ordinary conditions butunder excessive rates of deflection, the intensity of resistance to flowof the liquid is increased up to a maximum where a relief is provided toprevent hammering and to insure smooth riding qualities. s i

It being obviousthat a relatively thin casing would be distorted by thehydrostatic pressures developed, suitable reinforcements are thereforeprovided, which serve also as means for attaching frame.

A further vide an impeller respectively operating to alternatelycontrolthe device to a vehicle object of the invention is to pro with automaticrelief valves the flow in either direction throughgtheiimpeller,also twovalves loaded open for automatically checking the flow offiuid in eitherdirection.

A further object is controlling the side of the casin i to provide adevicei for flow of liquid from side to g independent of the impeller,with a novel meansof forming and emplacing same.

With the foregoing and other objects in ,Vview which Willappearvas thedescription proceeds, the invention further resides in the combinationand arrangement ofparts and in the details of construction hereinafterdescribed and claimed, it beingunderstood that changes may be made inthe precise embodiment. of the invention herein disclosed "WithOlltdeparti same.

In the drawin ficationz ng from the spirit of the gs accompanying; thisspeci- F igure6. t Figure T9 is a o, 3 0f thsi pel ertek n abo t-l e y'1 F igure- 13 isi a detail frigate fifis a siegfiejvaias bi. the shockib sorbereboltcd, frame. 4

Figure 2 's an endgvievvwith apo tion of frame in cross-section.v g 1the casing brokenawayshovving the chassis V Figure 3 is a sideelcvationand sectional view, with one half of the casing removed-todisclose the; internal [construction of the de- -zr; wit. U

Figure 4" is a, vertical' eross sectional Ivievv 1 ta n, n a out neH fFre Figure :5 is a fragmentary side elevation showingthe deviceattachedto theframe ofa {motor vehicle and eonnected vviththe anger the vehiclefrom thecasing. b Figure; 7- -1 s a vertical cross-section l? .g ii'sidetiqillo i le viewed from the sideppposite that shown in ihbr al fross-sec ia 9+9 of Figured of zlj igu re-l-Ois of thejk ey blo clryemovfedinfroni between the spaced walls1ef V a iezi mp'e erq .i

Figure llis normally open?; spring valves carriedby the impeller, 1:

. Figure e lQ is la; idetail' view of-1 oneiofrthe iaceof the impeller.i

ishow inga side elevation ofthe packing inclosedbetweenthesvallsoftheimpeller; V

, Referring gnovv to,tl1e,reference numerals placed upenthegdrawingszx.;The shock absorberA'consists of a housing rivetedtogether elded toprevent leaks. Extending across these casingsand through their Walls areround tubings 3 and 4. These .tubings are welded to the outside faces"of the Walls Of the'casings 1 and2 and form. a Wy b t gid br e c ingsextend bolts 5 and-*6 .forattachmentto p i Through the tub p ng lv s nrm lly in ntr st W t l 80 a detail v ew of one, ofthe' 'co1nprising twostamped sectors, 1 and 2 impeller 8, block 10 and spring '21.

the frame 7 of a chassis ;this means of attachment prevents any undue orexcessive strains on the housing materlal.

W1th1n the casing 1s locatedan oscillating blade or impeller 8, formedby bending; flat The lower ex material around a. hub 9. tensionof thispiston is spaced apart by a key block 10 which projects into a key way9? cut in hub 9;these parts are held together by rivets 11 and'12.- V

The hub 9 is boredat one end (1 3) to ceive an inwardly directedtrunnion 14; pro-i jecting from the casing 1.

The opposite end of the hub 9i1s' relatively smaller vin diameter thanthe sleeve exten- 1 sion 1430f the casing2; j Packing materials,

- sure; tight contact with t e casings when the latterare securedtogether. o I

Riveted to the impeller 8 are four flat spring valves 1 8,19,20 and 21.The spring -,valves 18 and 20 are relatively more elastic,

and overlap the heavy springvalves 19 and 21 and are bent to normallyextend outwardly from a large port hole 22, running through thekey'block10, impeller arms 8,.and springs 19-21. V i, The heavy "fiat springvalves 19, 21 lie normally against the flat faces'of the impeller 8Spring valve 19 has an aperture registering withthe port 22 and anaperture 24 registering with a port 24 extending through im- [peller 8and also through the key block 10, It also seats over a port hole 25 onthe other side of the port 22, which also extends through Similarlyspring; valve 21 has an aperture registering with the port-hole 22, anda small aperture registering with the port-hole 25 7 it seats over.port-hole 24.

' Atthe top of the impeller,"extending from sideto side of the casingand conforming to the zi rc of'the latter and the curvature of theimpeller blade surrounding the hub is a segment of a die-cast dam 30,held in place by depressions30 formed in the walls of the casings. I 7

Longitudinally through the dam extends an arc-shaped port hole 31, witha transverse port 32 at one [end of the dam leading to theoutside of thecasing, 2,at which point a' shut-ofi' pin 33 is fitted to control theport, also a nut 34 and fibre washer 35, to prevent seepage.

I At the other end'of dam 30 another hole 37 is tapped extendingfromport 31*to outside face ofcasing 2 This also 'hasa plug 36 threaded intoit, and is used for filling the housing with oil.

1n the operation of this device when the I vehicle is normally loaded,the vane or piston 8 will be approximately midway ofthe area formedbetween the casings 1 and '2.

At ordinary velocities of the impeller, either throttling the fluid flowand producing a uniformly increasing resistance to the movement of theimpeller ;it being obvious that the same results'will obtain upon amovement ofthe -impeller in the opposite direction with spring18functioning,

If unusual velocitiesjare encountered, the hydrostatic pressuresdeveloped by the "closure of these spring'valves118 -20 maybeexceedingly high, the heavy spring valves 19 21 thereupon serve to.relievethis con- 'dition. I y II V In a movement of" the impeller tothe right, assuming that a'n excessively-"rapid velocity has I closedthe spring valve 20' over port 22 in valve 21, the fluid flows throughrelief port 25 in valve*21;and against the sealed spring 'valve'face' ofvalve 19, lifting it sufficiently to prevent injury to the'parts andalso insuringa smoothaction wit-hout hammering. 'Upon'the oppositemovement of the impeller, the fluid flows through port 24in valve1'9 andlifts springvalve 21.

I The flow 'of liquid from side to 'side'of theliinpeller 8 through thesupplementary passage 31 of the dam is controlled as de-:

sired by the screw-pines By the adjustment of the screw-pintheresistance to oscillation of the impeller may be increased ordecreased as conditions may demand.

"It will be noted thatlthe construction ad mits of the up'and downmovement "ofthe vehicle spring, which is not checked unless a suddenexcessivem'ovement is developed} that sudden movements are?automatically "resisted at an uniformly increasing degree in eitherdirecti'on ;'that excessive pressures the 'auxiliaryliquid flow may bereadily controlled( Having thus described'niy invention, what "I claimis are relieved without hammering;;and that discharge port registeringatall times with a' major port through the impeller, reach "of said valveshaving alsoa relief' port, 'registering with one of a pair of relief'ports through the impeller and each being adapt ed to automatically andalternately close the other relief port through the impeller, uponalternate oscillation of the impeller; and a pair of normally openvalves adapted to alternately close the major port through the impeller,operable upon the impeller oscillating at a predetermined velocitythrough the fluid. in said chamber.

2. A device as specified in claim 1 in combination with a dam Within thepressure chamber, bridging a space between the hub and the outer wall ofthe chamber, with a longitudinal passage running from end to end of thedam adjustable means for controlling said passage through the dam; and afilling plug through which fluid (may be admitted to the chamber.

3. A structure as specified in claim 1 in peller blades andkey-block,operable upon the impeller oscillating at a certainpredetermined velocity through the fluid.

6, A structure as specified in claim 5 in combination with a suitablepacking strip lodged between the blades of the impeller and between themarginal edge of the key-block and the wall of the pressure chamber; andbolts extending throughthe leaf spring, the blades of the impeller andkey block to secure the parts together as aunit.

In testimony whereof, I sign this specification.

CHARLES H. LAND. v

combination with a dam dividing the cham- 7 her by bridging a spacebetween the side walls of the chamber, the hub, and the outer wall ofthe chamber, with a port extending longitudinally through the dam; meansfor controlling the passage of said port; and means for securing saiddam against accidental displacement in said chamber.

4. A structure as specified in claim 1 in V combination with a pluralityof tubes welded to the outer walls of the pressure chamber 1 andprojecting through and beyondthe wall on one side of the chamber,whereby it may bear against the vehicle frame to which it is secured;and bolts extending through said casing and tubes to attach said deviceto a vehicle frame.

5. In a shock absorber, a fluid pressure chamber formed of sheet metaladapted to be secured to the frame of a vehicle; an oscillating hubbored at one end to receive an inwardly directed trunnion extending intothe chamber and integral with the wall of the latter, said hub having anextension at its opposite end projecting through the wall of thechamber; a lever secured to the hub extension for connection with avehicle spring; an

impeller secured to the hub having a pair of blades spaced apart; a keyblock lodged between the hlades of the impeller, projecting at one endinto a key-way formed in the hub; a pair of leaf springs, secured to theblades on nosite sides of the impeller, each having a relatively largeport-hole registering with a port-hole through the'impeller, also arelief port, registering with one of a pair of relief passages throughwhich fluid may pass in opposite directions through the impeller bladesand key block, the respective leaf-springs being adapted to alternatelyand automatically close the other relief port through the impellerblades and key block, upon alterte oscillations of the impeller; and apair of normally open leaf springs secured to the impeller bladesadapted to alternately close the relatively large port-hole through theim-

